Genome-Wide Analysis of the Thioredoxin Gene Family in Gossypium hirsutum L. and the Role of the Atypical Thioredoxin Gene GhTRXL3-2 in Flowering

Abstract Thioredoxin (TRX) is a highly conserved low-molecular-weight protein and ubiquitous antioxidant enzyme that plays key role in the regulation of plant growth development. Here, using whole-genome sequence, we performed systematic analysis for TRX gene family upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) analyzed their structural characteristics, evolution, expression profiles during At least 86 GhTRX members, 40 typical 46 atypical, were identified genome, they unevenly distributed on 26 chromosomes. Conserved domains phylogenic tree construction classified into seven subfamilies atypical nine subfamilies. An evolutionary revealed underwent purification selection evolution. In addition, an RNA-Seq showed that, vegetative reproductive development, differences transcript abundance levels organ-specific patterns suggest functional diversity. Biochemical assays demonstrated GhTRXL3-2 interacted with FLOWERING LOCUS T GhFT. The overexpression Arabidopsis thaliana resulted early flowering compared control plants. Additionally, silencing delayed maturation, suggesting it has important roles cotton’s regulation. These results help clarify evolution genes elucidate biological functions